West Nile: A Preventable Vector-Borne Disease
What Is West Nile Virus?
West Nile Virus (WNV) is transmitted to humans and animals by mosquitoes, and is currently the leading cause of mosquito-borne disease in the United States.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2022 was the second-highest year for West Nile virus disease cases since 2003.
Infected mosquitoes mainly transmit the virus to humans and other animals through their bites.
How Can You Prevent West Nile Virus?
There is no specific treatment for West Nile Virus, but there are ways to prevent it:
Avoid Mosquito Bites:
- Use mosquito repellent with an EPA-registered active ingredient, such as DEET, picaridin, IR3535, oil of lemon eucalyptus, or para-menthane-diol.
- Wear long sleeves and long pants when outdoors, especially at dawn and dusk when mosquitoes are most active.
- Fix any holes in your window screens.
- Remove standing water around your home, as mosquitoes breed in stagnant water.
Protect Your Livestock:
- Vaccinate horses against WNV.
- Apply mosquito repellent to your horse's coat.
- Keep your horse in a barn or stable during peak mosquito hours.
Symptoms of West Nile Virus
Most people who are infected with WNV do not develop any symptoms. However, about 20% of people who are infected will develop a fever and other symptoms such as:
- Headache
- Body aches
- Joint pain
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Rash
Severe Symptoms of West Nile Virus
In rare cases, WNV can cause severe symptoms such as:
- Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain)
- Meningitis (inflammation of the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord)
- Paralysis
- Death
Conclusion
West Nile Virus is a serious disease that can be prevented by taking simple steps to avoid mosquito bites. If you are experiencing any symptoms of WNV, see your doctor immediately.
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